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Invention of the telephone

Technical and legal issues surrounding the development of the modern telephone

For broader coverage of this topic, see History of the telephone.

The invention of the telephone was the culmination of work done by more than one individual, and led to an array of lawsuits relating to the patent claims of several individuals and numerous companies. Notable people included in this were Antonio Meucci, Philipp Reis, Elisha Gray and Alexander Graham Bell.

Early development

The concept of the telephone dates back to the string telephone or lover's telephone that has been known for centuries, comprising two diaphragms connected by a taut string or wire. Sound waves are carried as mechanical vibrations along the string or wire from one diaphragm to the other. The classic example is the tin can telephone, a children's toy made by connecting the two ends of a string to the bottoms of two metal cans, paper cups or similar items. The essential idea of this toy was that a diaphragm can collect voice sounds for reproduction at a distance. One precursor to the development of the electromagnetic telephone originated in 1833 when Carl Friedrich Gauss and Wilhelm Eduard Weber invented an electromagnetic device for the transmission of telegraphic signals at the University of Göttingen, in Lower Saxony, helping to create the fundamental basis for the technology that was later used in similar telecommunication devices. Gauss's and Weber's invention is purported to be the world's first electromagnetic telegraph.

Charles Grafton Page

In 1836-8, American Charles Grafton Page passed an electric current through a coil of wire placed between the poles of a horseshoe magnet. He observed that connecting and disconnecting the current caused a ringing sound in the magnet. He called this effect "galvanic music". A similar phenomenon was reported by British inventor Edward Davy in 1837-8 and it was also pointed out by William Chapp

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  • The Quebec chronicle, samedi 17 juin 1922

    Sous un titre qui a varié (Morning Chronicle, Quebec Morning Chronicle, Quebec Chronicle), un journal de langue anglaise publié à Québec qui met notamment l'accent sur l'actualité commerciale et maritime.

    1922-6-17

    samedi 17 juin 1922

    Bibliothèque et Archives nationales du Québec

    Quebec :Chronicle Printing Company,1898-1924

    samedi 17 juin 1922, Sous un titre qui a varié (Morning Chronicle, Quebec Morning Chronicle, Quebec Chronicle), un journal de langue anglaise publié à Québec qui met notamment l'accent sur l'actualité commerciale et maritime.Quebec :Chronicle Printing Company,1898-1924
    [" Weather Forecast: Cool With Occasional Rain ESTABLISHED 1764.OR.DEROME WAS QUESTIONED BY JUDGE IN DELORME TRIAL Evidence Turned Upon Question Of Sanity Of Ex-Priest At Yesterday's Session\u2014Juror Fainted In Box During The Morning\u2014Delorme \u201cRented His Houses Too Well\u201d Declared Doctor-Witness Montreal, June 16\u2014That Adelard Delornie, the ex-prisst who is now standing trial on the charge of having murdered his half brother, Raoul, the 24-year-old Ottawa College student whose dead body was found lying in the snow in & northern eubuurb of thés city on January 6 last, had \u201crented his houses too well\u201d and as a conse quence the street in which they were located \u201cdid not have & very name,\u201d was the evidence of Dr.Handfield in the Court of King\u2019s Bench here this afternoon, who was called just previous to the adjournment of the case until Monday next.Dr.Handfleld stated that he was a neighbor of Delorme's and that one conversation he had had with him had led htm to doubt Delorme'a aanity.The evidence dn the Delorme trisd today turned upon the question of sanity of the ex-priest, To thin end Provincial Autopsiet Dr.Derome was closely questiomed by Mr.Justice Monet and Crown Prosecutor Walsh, Dr.Derome œug- gested that opinion of Delorme's mental condition should be based on \u2

    Acknowledgments

    Carner, Gary. "Acknowledgments". Pepper Adams: Saxophone Trailblazer, edited by Chick Corea, Seattle, WA: SUNY Press, 2023, pp. 197-200. https://doi.org/10.1515/9781438494340-006

    Carner, G. (2023). Acknowledgments. In C. Corea (Ed.), Pepper Adams: Saxophone Trailblazer (pp. 197-200). Seattle, WA: SUNY Press. https://doi.org/10.1515/9781438494340-006

    Carner, G. 2023. Acknowledgments. In: Corea, C. ed. Pepper Adams: Saxophone Trailblazer. Seattle, WA: SUNY Press, pp. 197-200. https://doi.org/10.1515/9781438494340-006

    Carner, Gary. "Acknowledgments" In Pepper Adams: Saxophone Trailblazer edited by Chick Corea, 197-200. Seattle, WA: SUNY Press, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1515/9781438494340-006

    Carner G. Acknowledgments. In: Corea C (ed.) Pepper Adams: Saxophone Trailblazer. Seattle, WA: SUNY Press; 2023. p.197-200. https://doi.org/10.1515/9781438494340-006

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    Astronaut Fred W. Haise Jr., Apollo 13 lunar module pilot, was training for walking on the Moon 55 years ago in January 1970. In this photo, Haise is attached to a Six Degrees of Freedom Simulator at the Manned Spacecraft Center—now known as NASA's Johnson Space Center—in Houston.
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    Claxton Graham
    Even though he didn't get to go to the Moon, Fred Haise did play a role in the Space Shuttle program. He and Gordon Fullerton were one of the two teams that flew the orbiter test article Enterprise in the Approach and Landing Tests in 1977. In fact, …
    75
    Nick Wolfe
    Practicing the harness so it doesn't look so fake. Still looks fake bro.
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    Trevor John Dent
    Haise, all that hard work and years of training, to be the chosen few to be given the opportunity to walk on the Moon, that alone is an amazing achievement, l can't even imagine the disappointment of losing the Moon landing after the near tragic eve…
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    Eleanor Sabean
    What a catastrophic mission that was. They were so lucky to have lived through it. I remember being glued to the TV, anxiously following the ordeal.
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    Jan Peters
    I reported up to Fred Haise when I worked at the Space Station Support Operation in Reston, back in 1987…
    he was an amazing, unpretentious leader whom I respected
    God Speed & God Bless
    22
    Scott Hurley
    I was on R&R from Vietnam in April 1970 when the crew was brought to the hotel where we were staying. We got to watch them walk into the hotel.
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    Steve Laurette
    I can't imagine how disappointing it must have been to lose out on landing after all the training they went through.
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    Ed Dionne
    What a Blessing to have been a part of the program and experience. I get, not going to the moon was a let down…. But OH just the experience of working with NASA as he did! I am sure MANY would have jumped at the chance just to go through the training only.
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  • When were mobile phones invented